Reading the Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram in 10 Minutes
Three lines and one point are all you need from the Fe-C diagram. Learn to read a cooling path, apply the lever rule, and predict a steel's microstructure.
Tag: steel
Annealing vs Normalizing vs Tempering
Three heat treatments, three different goals. What each does to steel's microstructure, the temperatures that matter, and how to tell which one you need.
The Liberty Ships That Broke in Half
Wartime ships cracked in calm water and cold weather. The story of why is the clearest lesson in materials engineering ever paid for in steel and lives.